All about IUDs

The IUD is placed in the uterus and forms a barrier against pregnancy. There are two types of IUDs: the hormonal IUD and the non-hormonal IUD. They share the same advantages, disadvantages and contraindications, with a few differences.

The types of IUD

The type of IUD depends on the type of barrier it creates. 

• When the barrier is mechanical, it is called a non-hormonal IUD. It is made of copper and therefore creates inadequate conditions for the fertilization of an egg by a spermatozoon and for the implantation of the embryo. It lasts for 10 years.
• When the barrier is hormonal, it is called a hormonal IUD. It releases progesterone and lasts between 3 and 5 years.

The advantages of IUDs

IUDs have a high efficiency of over 99.9%. Over time, menstruation decreases and sometimes even stops. After installation, they do not require any attention for several years (no medication, no visits to the doctor, no other costs). Once the IUD is removed, fertility is restored immediately.

The disadvantages of IUDs

Choosing this method of contraception means that at least two visits to the doctor are required. Indeed, the prescription, insertion and removal of IUDs must be done by a doctor. And not just any doctor can perform these operations. There may be bleeding and cramping when the IUD is inserted. At the beginning of the installation, menstruation may be more painful, heavier and longer. During sexual relations, the partner may feel the thread of the IUD.

Contraindications of IUDs

In general, the two types of IUDs share four contraindications. In the case of a current or recurrent STI (for example, genital herpes), uterine malformation, endometriosis or pelvic infection, an IUD insertion is not recommended. Since the non-hormonal IUD is made of copper, it is also contraindicated in cases of allergy or intolerance to copper.